LAURA H. CYPHERS

This Viewpoint frames the clinical event risk for heart failure in the context of the approach used in the 2018 ACC/AHA cholesterol guidelines.
Source: JAMA Online First

In the Review article titled “Cardiogenic Shock After Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Review,” published in the November 9, 2021, issue of JAMA, an abbreviation was erroneously expanded. The term “percutaneous medical circulatory support” throughout the “Management” section and in the “Limitations” paragraph should be “percutaneous mechanical circulatory support.” In addition, the directionality in a sentence regarding survival rates was reversed. In the fourth paragraph of the “Percutaneous Medical Circulatory Support Devices” section, the sentence “The survival rates in both studies were lower than rates reported in previously conducted RCTs and registries” was corrected to “The survival rates in both studies were improved compared with rates reported in previously conducted RCTs and registries.” This article has been corrected online.
Source: JAMA Online First

This Viewpoint discusses ways in which the FDA could harness its enforcement tools to bring important missing clinical trial results information to light and demonstrate its commitment to protecting patients through clinical trial transparency.
Source: JAMA Online First

This JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synoposis summarizes guidance from the American Cancer Society regarding cervical cancer screening, including when to initiate screening, the frequency of testing, and which modality to use.
Source: JAMA Online First

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, is the leading cause of liver disease worldwide. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents the progressive form of NAFLD, in which steatosis is accompanied by inflammation and fibrosis that can lead to cirrhosis. Despite the increasing prevalence of NASH and NASH cirrhosis, there are no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved pharmacotherapies that reduce liver-related outcomes in patients with NASH. In liver disease, the progression of fibrosis to cirrhosis and the development of decompensation, including hepatic encephalopathy, variceal hemorrhage, and ascites, occur over decades and randomized clinical trials are not well-equipped to evaluate these outcomes. Thus, evaluation of potentially effective therapies to prevent liver-related events requires novel study designs.
Source: JAMA Online First

This study investigates the long-term relationship between bariatric surgery and incident major adverse liver outcomes and major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with obesity and biopsy-proven fibrotic NASH without cirrhosis who underwent bariatric surgery compared with patients in a nonsurgical control group.
Source: JAMA Online First

A 48-year-old woman with diet-controlled diabetes had extremity arthralgias, a purpuric rash and foot paresthesias, and eye pain and redness. Vital signs and results of laboratory testing including direct immunofluorescence were unremarkable; skin biopsy showed leukocytoclasia, erythrocytic extravasation, and fibrin in small blood vessel walls. What is the diagnosis and what would you do next?
Source: JAMA Online First

This Viewpoint offers options on how to measure systems improvement in alleviating burnout among physicians and clinical staff.
Source: JAMA Online First

This Methods Report from the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) summarizes definitional and conceptual issues around racism and health inequity and describes describe how racism and health inequities are currently addressed in preventive health.
Source: JAMA Online First

This US Preventive Services (USPSTF) Policy Report describes strategies developed by the USPSTF to mitigate the influence of systemic racism in its recommendations and to promote health equity in preventive services.
Source: JAMA Online First