LAURA H. CYPHERS

This Viewpoint from the CDC reviews how available vaccines have shaped the past year of the COVID-19 pandemic and the challenges that remain.
Source: JAMA Online First

This Arts and Medicine feature summarizes representations of the coronavirus pandemic in the storylines of serial medical dramas that aired between November 2020 and May 2021.
Source: JAMA Online First

Delirium is a common and serious postoperative complication that manifests as an acute, fluctuating failure of the brain to support normal arousal, attention, and organized thinking. Postoperative delirium has been associated with delayed recovery from surgery and persistent neurocognitive disorders, as well as with other adverse outcomes. There is a long-standing and widely held concern that general anesthetic and sedative agents are implicated in postoperative delirium and other neurocognitive disorders. Conclusions regarding the neurotoxicity of sedative-hypnotic anesthetic agents have been mainly derived from basic science studies demonstrating neuropathology, neurocognitive impairment, or behavioral changes after general anesthesia in animals and observational studies of anesthetized patients undergoing surgery. However, the translational and causal relevance of these studies is best examined by a randomized clinical trial methodology in which patients presenting for the same operation receive either general anesthesia or a regional technique in which no sedative-hypnotic drugs are administered.
Source: JAMA Online First

This study examines the risk of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children among those 12 years and older by COVID-19 vaccination status during September 2021 and October 2021 in France.
Source: JAMA Online First

This randomized clinical trial compares the incidence of dementia and dementia-associated secondary outcomes among older patients in China undergoing hip fracture surgery with regional vs general anesthesia.
Source: JAMA Online First

In the Original Contribution titled “Primary Care Outcomes in Patients Treated by Nurse Practitioners or Physicians: A Randomized Trial,” published in the January 5, 2000, issue of JAMA, the following conflict of interest disclosure has been added: “Dr Mundinger reported being a member of the Board of Directors of and shareholder in UnitedHealth Inc.”
Source: JAMA Online First

This Viewpoint discusses the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in treating patients with COVID-19 and how regional health care networks and governments should continue to monitor outcomes for patients with COVID-19 treated with ECMO to help manage ECMO resources for all critically ill patients.
Source: JAMA Online First

This Viewpoint describes how syndemic theory, a way of analyzing harmful social conditions that contribute to chronic disease, could be applied to acute conditions of sepsis and COVID-19 that could guide the development of more precise strategies to clinical care, research, and health policies.
Source: JAMA Online First

A 51-year-old woman had intense and worsening polyarthralgia and swelling of bilateral fingers and toes 1 year after kidney transplant complicated by Volvariella volvacea infection of the central nervous system. Her medications included tacrolimus, prednisolone, cinacalcet, and voriconazole. Alkaline phosphatase level was elevated, and radiography of the hands revealed periostitis. What is the diagnosis and what would you do next?
Source: JAMA Online First

The JAMA Insights article titled “Lipoprotein(a) and Cardiovascular Diseases,” published in the July 27, 2021, issue of JAMA, included an error in the Figure that incorrectly labeled “apolipoprotein(a)” as “apolipoprotein A.” The Figure has been corrected online. All other information in the Figure was correct and is unchanged.
Source: JAMA Online First