LAURA H. CYPHERS

This Viewpoint discusses the role that health care plays in climate change, both as a contributor to harm and as a leader in solutions, via approaches that can be implemented by US federal agencies.
Source: JAMA Online First

This study compares the frequency of hospital-to-hospital transportation events and associated life-threatening deterioration during transport among patients with acute lower respiratory tract illness during vs before the COVID-19 pandemic.
Source: JAMA Online First

This Viewpoint discusses the recent US Supreme Court ruling on SB8, the Texas law that prohibits abortion after 6 weeks of gestational age, and the effect the ruling could have on other constitutional rights.
Source: JAMA Online First

This case series reports the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients who had COVID-19–associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and underwent a lung transplant at a single US hospital.
Source: JAMA Online First

This Viewpoint summarizes a report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine that provides a taxonomy of evidence gaps in preventive services and recommendations to close those gaps in clinical prevention research.
Source: JAMA Online First

This Viewpoint examines the reasons that machine learning has not met initial expectations in health care and proposes that the approach to using machine learning move from reactive to proactive.
Source: JAMA Online First

In the Users’ Guides to the Medical Literature titled “How to Interpret and Use a Clinical Practice Guideline or Recommendation,” published in the October 19, 2021, issue of JAMA, the third paragraph from the end was updated to clarify the cited guideline’s conflict management. This article was corrected online.
Source: JAMA Online First

This Medical News article discusses a recent study that examined how protection from seasonal coronaviruses influences the response to the novel coronavirus.
Source: JAMA Online First

Noninvasive respiratory support is an essential component of critical care. Both noninvasive ventilation, with its different interface types and modes (including helmet and face masks), and high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) are successfully used to manage patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Noninvasive respiratory support can alleviate respiratory distress, improve oxygenation, and possibly reduce the need for invasive mechanical ventilation. Due to known adverse effects associated with invasive mechanical ventilation (eg, sedation, ventilator-induced lung injury, predisposition for infections), it is conceivable that noninvasive respiratory support may reduce mortality through reduction in the need for tracheal intubation. However, noninvasive ventilation may inappropriately delay tracheal intubation and increase patient self-inflicted lung injury, which may occur at varying degrees depending on the type and interface of noninvasive ventilatory support. The intense respiratory efforts by patients who are spontaneously breathing contribute to and exacerbate acute lung injury.
Source: JAMA Online First

This randomized clinical trial compares the effect of continuous positive airway pressure or high-flow nasal oxygen vs conventional oxygen therapy on clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF).
Source: JAMA Online First