Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a major issue in extremely preterm infants due to its high prevalence, increased health care resource use and cost, and association with long-term respiratory problems and neurodevelopmental impairment. Although BPD is a multifactorial disease, ventilation-induced lung injuries are an important factor in its pathogenesis. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) to avoid intubation and mechanical ventilation is considered effective in preventing BPD and has become standard care for preterm infants with respiratory distress after birth.
Source: JAMA Online First